The Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia domestica) was derived from the Rock Pigeon.The Rock Pigeon is the world's oldest domesticated bird.Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets mention the domestication of pigeons more than 5,000 years ago, as do Egyptian hieroglyphics.Research suggests that domestication of pigeons was as early as ten thousand years ago. People who keep domestic pigeons are generally called pigeon fanciers.